Quality IS…a target of centralized variation.

Why are process targets typically unrealistic when the process is not naturally centered and variation is not predictable within limits?

Conceptual Pattern for Target

A target is an attainable reference point toward which effort and action is directed. It is an orienting indicator that achieves a state by a series of actions. A target is a desirable achievement providing information for comparing measurements and advancing a principle involving earnest and conscientious activity intended to achieve a purpose. (Pattern Engine – Target ^N=12 © 2014)

If targets are understood then the meaning of Quality will follow.

First Principle: The purpose of a target is to institute a measure of central tendency.

Second Principle: A target communicates the Voice of the Process, Voice of the Customer and the Voice of the Raw Materials.

Third Principle: Without an estimate of conformance, a process target cannot be effective.

Fourth Principle: A target cannot be determined without knowing the variation that is present at the process level, the customer level and the raw material level.

Fifth Principle: Performance assessment of targets must include error present in measurement.

Sixth Principle: A target can’t be arbitrary and must be built on sound research and knowledge.

Key Conceptual Patterns

PERFORMANCE

Performance is accomplishment of a given task measured against preset known standards while using knowledge, as opposed to just possessing it, in a manner that is efficient and fulfills an intended purpose. It is a psychological result and level of quality resulting in the skillful avoidance of waste. Performance is a result of perception, learning and reasoning that germinates from the combination of data, information, experience, and individual interpretation. It results in awareness or understanding of a circumstance or fact, gained through association. Performance is that which is accepted as the norm or by which actual attainments are judged. Performance is a universally or widely accepted, agreed upon, or established means of determining what something should be as a basis for comparison, a reference point against other things can be evaluated. Performance involves utilizing the minimum use of resources, time, and effort while achieving a desired result. (Pattern Engine – Performance ^N=12 © 2014)

ERROR

Error is inadvertent incorrectness that varies between the true value of a mathematical quantity and a calculated or measured value or deviates from a model, norm, specification, or standard that is not due to a lack of knowledge. It is a nonconforming and inevitable change in rate or magnitude. Error is the output or result of a process that deviates from a norm or standard. Error is a change in the observed value from what is usual, accepted, expected or planned. Error affects the values of a data set when compared with a measure of central tendency such as the mean, median, or mode and may impact fact, truth standards or rules. (Pattern Engine – Error ^N=12 © 2014)

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